C1S PAPER
Abbreviation for coated one side paper.
CAD/CAM
Computer Assisted Design/Computer Assisted Makeup or Manufacturing.
CAKING The
collecting of dried ink upon rollers and plates.
CALENDER CUTS Defects
caused by creasing or cutting of the web of paper during calendering due to
wrinkles in the web.
CALENDER FINISHED A term applied to any paper with a surface glazed by
means of a calender stack.
CALIPER The
thickness of paper, usually expressed in thousandths of an inch. (mils).
CAMERA-READY Copy
which is ready for photography. See artwork.
CARRIER
Sometimes used to refer to the liner material of pressure sensitive
labels. Also a term sometimes used to describe the stock to which two layers of
adhesive are applied on a double adhesive construction.
CAST COATED A high-gloss enamel finish.
CAST COATED PAPER A
paper, the coating of which is allowed to harden or set while in contact with a
finished casting surface.
CAST FILM Plastic
sheeting manufactured by the casting process, as opposed to the extruding
process.
CAST VINYL Vinyl
sheeting manufactured by coating a liquid vinyl acetate or similar ester onto a
casting paper and curing in a heated oven.
CATALYST A
substance which has the capability of initiating or accelerating the speed of a
reaction between two or more substances when introduced into their presence.
CAVITY Usually
refers to the engraving on a rotary die cutter that die cuts a single shape.
CELL A small
engraved or etched depression on an anilox roll that carries the ink to the
plate.
CELLULOSE Fibrous
substance of wood, cotton and other vegetable matter.
CENTIGRADE A scale
of temperature which features 0 and 100 degrees as the freezing and boiling
points of water. Also called Celsius.
CENTIPOISE One
hundred of a poise; a unit for measuring viscosity.
CENTRAL IMPRESSION A press
with a number of printing units around a large cylinder which serves as the
impression cylinder against which the substrate rides.
CERAMIC ANILOX ROLL
Engraved inking roll used in flexographic printing. New techniques in
manufacturing allow for vastly improved anilox roll performance and life.
CHALKING A form
of coating deterioration characterized by the formation of a loose, chalk-like
powder on the film surface.
CHARACTER A single group of bars and spaces which represent an
individual number, letter or punctuation mark.
CHARGE Usually
refers to the degree or type of electrical property carried by a substrate.
CHECK DIGIT A digit
within a symbol whose value is based mathematically on other characters
included in the symbol. It is used for the purpose of performing a mathematical
check to ensure the accuracy of the read.
CHECKING The
presence of hairline cracks in a varnish coating, a lacquer coating, a film or
in an adhesive coating.
CHEMICAL CURING The
setting or curing of an adhesive, coating or sealer brought about by the
addition of a catalyst or accelerator.
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE The
resistance of a pressure sensitive label to the deteriorating effects resulting
from exposure to chemicals under specified conditions.
CHILL ROLL Metal
roll or drum cooled internally with water, etc. Often used after the press
dryer to cool the printed web prior to die cutting, rewinding, etc.
CHOKE An
image who’s edged have been pulled in slightly from those of the
original. The image area remains essentially the same except for a narrow strip
of reduction around its perimeter.
CHOKES AND SPREADS
Overlaps of overprinting images to prevent color fringes or white
borders around image detail due to slight misregister during printing.
CHROMATIC SCALE The
colors of the spectrum: red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet.
CIRCUMFERENTIAL REGISTER See
running register.
CLARITY Degree
of clearness.
CLAY COATED A term
used to describe a paper with a clay coating on either one or both sides.
CLEAR AREA A
required clear space, containing no dark marks, which precedes the start
character of a symbol and follows the stop character. Also known as quiet area.
CLEAR COAT A
coating that protects the printing and the surface of a pressure sensitive
label from abrasion, sunlight, chemicals, moisture, or a combination of these.
CO-EXTRUSIONS Film
produced by more than one extruder through a common die. Films have been made
with as many as 13 layers.
CO-POLYMER Two or
more mixed monomers which, when polymerized, yield a complex product having
properties different from either simple polymer alone.
COATED PAPER General
tem applying to all papers which have been surfaced coated with pigments.
COATING In
printing, an emulsion, varnish, or lacquer applied in-line or off-line, often
over a printed surface to give it added protection.
COATING WEIGHT The
weight of a coating per unit area, such as lb/1,000 square feet, lb/ream or
grams/sq meter.
COBWEBBING A
filmy, web-like build up of dried ink or varnish that appears on the doctor
roll or on the end of the impression rolls.
COD Cash on
delivery. Customer must pay in full at time of delivery. Shipper retains title
until carrier obtains remittance. Why is this a flexo term?
COHESION the
internal strength of an adhesive mass; resistance to flow, and resistance to
failure in the adhesive when labels are removed or are under stress. See
cohesive strength.
COHESIVE FAILURE The
mode of failure wherein the adhesive splits, leaving some residue on the
labeled surface and part on the label.
COHESIVE STRENGTH A measure
of that property of an adhesive which resists forces parallel to the surface,
i.e. resistance to adhesive splitting.
COLD CRACKING The
breaking or shattering under stress of plastic coatings that have become
brittle due to lowered temperatures.
COLD FLOW The tendency of a pressure sensitive adhesive to act like a heavy,
viscous liquid over long periods of time. Such phenomena aw
“oozing” or “increased in adhesion” are the results of
this characteristic.
COLD TEMPERATURE ADHESIVE An
adhesive that will enable a pressure sensitive label to adhere or stick well
when applied to a cold substrate, often in cold ambient temperatures.
COLLATING
Assembling in proper order.
COLOR CORRECTION Any
method such as masking, dot-etching, re-etching, and/or electronic scanning
used to correct for color errors in process inks.
COLOR FASTNESS That
property of a pressure sensitive label to retain its color in normal storage or
to resist change in color when exposed to light, heat or other deleterious
influences.
COLOR KEY A
series of colored films used to check individual colors and stripping. When
overlaid in printing sequence it will produce a multicolored image. A color key
is limited to yellow, orange, dark blue, magenta, cyan, black, white, gold, brown,
green,, red, beige and any combinations thereof. Basically a photographic
positive of the separation negatives in general color.
COLOR MATCHING To
duplicate the hue, value and intensity of a given color sample usually be
blending appropriate elements.
COLOR PERMANENCE See color fastness.
COLOR PROCESS A
reproduction of any subject where the colors are separated by any method
utilizing at least the three primary process colors: yellow, magenta, and cyan.
Using halftone plates to produce intermediate colors and shades. Line work and
screen work can be utilized.
COLOR PROOF A
printed or simulated printed image of each process color (cyan, magenta, yellow
and black) using inks, toners or dyes to give a simulated impression of the
final printed reproduction. Color proofs are now most often generated by
computer.
COLOR RETENTION The
property of a color to resist fading or other deterioration on exposure to
light.
COLOR SEPARATED ART See
pre-separated art.
COLOR SEPARATION The
process of separating colored originals into yellow, magenta, cyan and black
printing negatives. Mostly done on computer controlled scanners.
COLOR STABILITY See
color fastness.
COLOR STATIONS Each
printing section of the press or set of rollers used to print each individual
color.
COLOR TRANSPARENCY A
full-color photographic positive image on a transparent support from which
color separations are usually produced. Can be viewed with the aid of a lighted
color transparency viewer.
COLORANT The
color portion of an ink; may be a pigment, dye, or a combination of the two.
COMBINATION PLATE A
single engraving which includes both line and halftone.
COMPATIBILITY The
ability of ink, film, substrate and/or solvents to function together in an
acceptable manner.
CONDENSED TYPE
Proportionally narrow or slender typefaces.
CONDITIONING Process
of subjecting material to specific temperature and humidity conditions for
stipulated periods of time.
COMFORMABILITY The ability
of a pressure sensitive material to yield to the contours of a surface (curved
or rough). See flexibility.
CONSISTENCY Usually
refers to the general body characteristics of an ink or other coatings.
CONTINUOUS CODE A bar
code or symbol where the space between characters (intercharacter gap) is part
of the code.
CONTINUOUS LABEL
Fan-folded labels manufactured from a continuous web of label stock
which is not cut into units prior to execution. Continuous labels are mostly
used for data processing applications.
CONTROLLED RELEASE A
release level greater than that provided by an unmodified release coating.
CONTROLLED RELEASE
ADDITIVE A material added to silicone release coatings to create the
desired higher release level.
CONVERTER Refers
to that type or manufacturer who produces plain or printed rolls, sheets, bags
or pouches, etc., form rolls of film, foil, or paper, including pressure
sensitives.
COPIER LABEL A label
designed for overprinting by a plain paper photocopier.
COPY Any
furnished material, manuscript, pictures, artwork, etc.) to be used in the
production of printing.
COPY PREPARATION
Directions for desired size and other details for illustrations, and the
arrangement into proper position of various parts of the label being prepared
for production.
CORE A tube
on which paper, film, or foil labels are wound for shipment. Also the metal
body of a roller which is rubber covered.
CORE HOLDER Device
for affixing core to shaft; core chuck.
CORE PLUGS Metal,
wood or compressed paper plugs which are driven into the paper core of the
finished roll to prevent crushing or other damage to the core.
CORNER RADIUS
Describes the arc or curvature of the die blades where they meet so that
they can impart a rounded corner to a die cut label.
CORONA TREATING An
electrical discharge which is used to raise the critical surface tension of low
or inert substrates thereby enhancing printability.
COUPON
Removable label either supplying information or having redeemable value.
They may be either pressure sensitive or non-pressure sensitive.
COVERAGE Ink or
coating mileage; the surface area covered by a given quantity of ink or coating
material. In flexography, the extent or degree to which a base material is
covered, colored, or hidden by an ink or coating.
CRACKING See
crazing.
CRAZING The
appearance of a network of small cracks in a varnish coat or a plastic face
stock.
CREEP The
lateral movement of a pressure sensitive label on a surface due to low cohesive
strength.
CHROMALIN
One-piece color proofing for four color process.
CROP To
eliminate portions of the copy (indicated by crop marks).
CROSS DIRECTION The
direction across the web. Papers are weaker and are affected more by changes in
relative humidity in the cross direction than the grain direction.
CRUSH CUT A cut
made by a rotary blade in contact with an anvil or base roll.
CRUSH SCORE See
score.
CRUSHED CORE Core that
gives way and becomes out-of-round either from too much tension for a bump.
CSA
Canadian Standards Association. Canadian association similar to
Underwriters Laboratories.
CURE To
change the properties of adhesives, coatings or inks by chemical reaction. The
“curing” of inks used high intensity UV lamps whereas the
“curing” of rubber requires considerable heat and pressure.
“Curing” is achieved by condensation, polymerization or
vulcanization.
CURETIME The time/temperature
combination required to bring about the desired level of cure.
CURING TEMPERATURE
Temperature to which an adhesive, ink or coating is subjected to for
curing.
CURL The
tendency or material by itself or in a laminate to bend or partly wrap around
the axis of one of its directions. Curl is often caused by humidity or improper
tension.
CUT An
expression commonly used to designate an engraving or photographic print. Also
to dilute and ink, lacquer, varnish, etc. with solvents or with clear base; to
thin.
CUT-OFF In web
printing, the cut or print length corresponding to the circumference of the
plate cylinder and/or die cutter; repeat length.
CUT RULE Steel
rule blades designed to cut materials being produced on flat bed die cutting
equipment.
CUTS The
number of rolls slit from a master roll.
CYAN A
subtractive primary color which reflects blue and green light and absorbs red
light.
CYLINDER In
flexography, most rollers in the printing press are called rolls with the
exception of that upon which the rubber plates are mounted, and the one which
receives the impression, and these are usually referred to as cylinders, i.e.,
plate/print cylinder, impression cylinder.
CYRELL Du
Pont’s trademark for photopolymer plate material.